CN102648985A - Chitosan emergent hemostasis material - Google Patents

Chitosan emergent hemostasis material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102648985A
CN102648985A CN2011100444742A CN201110044474A CN102648985A CN 102648985 A CN102648985 A CN 102648985A CN 2011100444742 A CN2011100444742 A CN 2011100444742A CN 201110044474 A CN201110044474 A CN 201110044474A CN 102648985 A CN102648985 A CN 102648985A
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chitosan
porous
hemostatic material
layer
polyacrylic acid
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CN102648985B (en
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郭希民
庹晓晔
筴文奎
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Xinlega Biotechnology Wenzhou Co., Ltd.
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WENZHOU ZHONGKE FIRST-AID KIT FOR EMERGENCY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a chitosan emergent hemostasis material, which is provided with at least two layers of structures: a chitosan hemostasis layer as an upper layer, and a polyacrylic acid grafting chitosan lining layer as a lower layer, wherein the chitosan hemostasis layer is of a structure of a porous microsphere, porous fiber, porous sponge, or a compound of the porous microsphere, the porous fiber and the porous sponge; and the polyacrylic acid grafting chitosan lining layer is of a structure of porous fiber, porous sponge, or a compound of the porous fiber and the porous sponge. According to the chitosan emergent hemostasis material, the polyacrylic acid grafting chitosan is used as the lining layer of the chitosan, so that powerful water suction force can be provided, seepage velocity of blood in the chitosan hemostasis material is improved, blood is further concentrated, the density of the hemostasis material is improved simultaneously, the hemostasis material is easier to sink to arrive at a bleeding point, gravity press of a bleeding part is formed, pressurization is convenient, and the hemostasis effect is improved. Meanwhile, the polyacrylic acid grafting chitosan layer also can be used as a medicine-carrying substrate, can be used for carrying antibacterial drug, acesodyne, factors for promoting tissue repair and the like, and is good for preventing and controlling infection while stopping bleeding, relieving pains, and accelerating wound tissue healing.

Description

Chitosan first aid hemostatic material
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chitosan hemostatic material, belong to the hemostatic material in medical use field.
Background technology
Hemostasis is the particularly important step of war wound, emergency care of trauma of performing the operation, and present hemostatic material mainly is through promoting body self coagulation function, supplemented with exogenous thrombin, inhibition fibrinolysis and vasoconstrictive to reach the hemostatic purpose.Chitosan is the de-acetyl chitin product, is the unique a kind of positively charged natural activity polysaccharide of finding up to now of occurring in nature, can form blood clot and reach significant haemostatic effect through the erythrocyte of absorption and accumulation zone negative charge.Because its hemostasis do not rely on body self clotting mechanism, so even unaffected at low temperature, blood heparinization state lower hemostasia effect yet.In addition; This material non-toxic property, nonirritant, have excellent biological compatibility and biodegradability; Have antibiotic, antiinflammatory, the minimizing wound surface oozes out and promote wound tissue's regeneration, repair, the effect of healing; And having good pliability, water absorption and breathability, is the valuable source of Wound dressing.Chitosan can also be processed various shapes, like Powdered, fibrous, spongy, gel, film like, cystose etc.; Also can be compound with one or more other macromolecular materials, through introducing other macromolecular material or adding medicine to improve the performance of chitosan goods.
These superior functions of chitosan material be its at medical dressing, especially wide application prospect has been brought in the hemostatic material aspect.United States Patent (USP) 7; 371,403 have described a kind of chitosan tourniquet bandage/hemostasis pastes, the product HemCon tourniquet bandage equipment U.S. army of formation; In the Gulf War, received favorable comment, but when arterial hemorrhage is stopped blooding, usually influenced actual effect because of layman's operation is difficult to be prone to find accurately the petechia; U.S. Pat 2009/0186851A1; International monopoly WO/2009/130485; PCT/GB2009/001065 has described a kind of graininess chitosan hemostatic material; The products C elox styptic powder that this hemostatic material forms also demonstrates good haemostatic effect to large artery trunks is hemorrhage, has been comprised the buying of the multinational military such as the U.S., Singapore, Philippine at present.But Celox hemostasis granules shape lighter weight in practical application, is particularly saved oneself to exist when using the wounded and is used inconvenience, is not easy to arrive the petechia, the potential risk that effect is difficult to bring into play.In addition, these hemostasia products all only rely on chitosan itself reach antiinflammatory beyond the hemostasis, antibacterial, promote miscellaneous function purpose such as tissue repair, effect is very limited.Therefore, existing chitosan hemostatic material is still waiting further improvement.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to prepare a kind of novel high-efficiency multi-function chitosan first aid hemostatic material to the existing hemostatic material especially deficiency of chitosan hemostatic material.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of chitosan first aid hemostatic material, it has double-layer structure at least:
The upper strata is the chitosan hemostatic layer, and its structure is porous microsphere, porous fibre, porous spongy, or the complex of this several types;
Lower floor is polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan laying, and its structure is porous fibre or porous spongy, or this complex of two types.
Aforesaid hemostatic material is characterized in that, the diameter of said porous microsphere structure between 50 orders-300 order, about average 200 orders, porosity between 20%-80%, average about 60%; The porosity of said porous fibre structure is between 20%-90%, and fibre diameter is between 50nm-1000nm; The porosity of said mandruka structure between 50%-90%, average about 70%.
Aforesaid hemostatic material, wherein, the deacetylation of the raw materials of chitosan of said chitosan hemostatic layer is between 80%-99.9%, and mean molecule quantity is 10, and 000-1000 between 000, has solubility.
Aforesaid hemostatic material, wherein, said chitosan hemostatic layer is to adopt the method for hot melt or physics pressurization that chitosan microball, chitosan multi-porous fiber and/or chitosan multi-porous sponge is bonded to one another.
Aforesaid hemostatic material, wherein, the pan coating of said chitosan hemostatic layer has binding agent and surfactant.
Aforesaid hemostatic material, wherein, said binding agent is selected from polyester, polypropylene, acrylic acid, polyethylene and/or latex;
Said surfactant is selected from glycerol, Polyethylene Glycol, propylene glycol and/or fatty acid.
Aforesaid hemostatic material, wherein, said polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan is through chemical reaction, with polyacrylic acid grafted to the chitosan chain, thereby be able to significantly improve the water absorption of chitosan material.
Aforesaid hemostatic material, wherein, the percent grafting of the polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan of raw material of said polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan laying is between 20%-80%, and water absorption rate is inhaled 0.9% (g/mL) NaCl solution rate more than 100 times more than 500 times.
Aforesaid hemostatic material; Wherein, Said polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan can be synthetic with the conventional chemical method by industrial chemicals or natural material, and can process the hemostatic material laying according to following method: after polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan is carried out the acidolysis processing, and the sodium hydroxide solution neutralization of reuse 1-10 molar concentration; Dehydrate promptly makes polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan multi-porous fiber and/or porous spongy absorbent material.
Aforesaid hemostatic material, wherein, said polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan laying is attached with anti-infectives, analgesic drug product and/or promotes the tissue repair factor also as medicine carrying substrate on it.
Aforesaid hemostatic material, wherein, said anti-infectives is antibiotics class medicine and non-antibiotic class anti-infectives;
Said antibiotics class medicine is selected from aminoglycosides antibiotics class, antifungal antibiotic class, cephalosporins, beta-Lactam antibiotic class, chloromycetin, Macrolide, penicillin, tetracycline, bacitracin, clindamycin, colistimethate sodium, polymyxin b sulfate, vancomycin, antiviral agent, quinolones, sulfonamides, sulfone class, furazolidone, metronidazole, Pentamidine, crystallite sulphanilamide, Gatifloxacin and/or sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim;
Said non-antibiotic anti-infectives is selected from iodoform, silver ion, hibitane and/or antimicrobial peptide;
Said analgesic drug product is selected from bupivacaine; Chloroprocaine; Chirocaine; Lignocaine; Mepivacaine; Procaine; Ropivacaine; Tetracaine; Desflurane; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Propofol; Sevoflurane; Codeine; Fentanyl; Hydromorphone; Marcaine; Meperidine; Methadone; Morphine; Oxycodone; Remifentaniliva; Sufentanil; Butorphanol; Nalbuphine; Tramadol; Benzocaine; Cincaine; Ethyl chloride; Xylocaine and/or Baridium; Or Chinese medicine obtundent medicine preparation;
The said promotion tissue repair factor is selected from epidermal growth factor (EGF) and/or fibroblast growth factor (FGF).
Aforesaid hemostatic material, wherein, said hemostatic material product is attached on the non-woven fabrics carrier material, processes hemostasis and pastes or tourniquet bandage.
Aforesaid hemostatic material wherein, is sneaked into the inert material of biodegradable or bio-absorbable in said chitosan hemostatic material layer and the polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan layer, its ratio accounts between the whole quality of materials 50%-90%;
Said inert material is selected from cellulose, alginate, microcrystalline Cellulose, oxidized regenerated cellulose, chitosan, chitosan derivatives, chitin, carboxymethyl cellulose, collagen, gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol, starch and/or acrylic ester.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The present invention adopts the biodegradable chitosan material as hemostatic layer, and polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan is as the laying and the drug-loaded layer of chitosan.Polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan laying can provide powerful macromolecule water uptake power; Improve the seepage velocity of blood in the chitosan hemostatic material, and further concentrate blood, improve the density of hemostatic material simultaneously; Make it be easier to sink to arriving the petechia; And form gravity compressing to the bleeding part, and be convenient to pressurization, improve haemostatic effect.In addition, this polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan layer also can be used as medicine carrying substrate, load antimicrobial drug, analgesic and the promotion tissue repair factor etc., and in hemostatic simultaneously, prevention and control infection ease the pain, and accelerate the wound tissue reparation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a chitosan first aid hemostatic material sketch map of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with lab testing and zoopery and specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Be pointed out that these embodiment only are used to explain the present invention, and be not used in restriction scope of the present invention.Be pointed out that in addition, after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, various changes or modification that those skilled in the art make the present invention, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
One, chitosan first aid hemostatic material of the present invention and preparation thereof
As shown in Figure 1, chitosan first aid hemostatic material of the present invention is divided into two-layer up and down, and the upper strata is a chitosan hemostatic layer 1, and this material can be porous microsphere, porous fibre, mandruka, or the complex of this several types.Lower floor is polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan laying 2, and this layer is the substrate of chitosan hemostatic material, also is the drug-loaded layer of anti-infectives, analgesic drug product and the promotion tissue repair factor.As shown in the figure, medicine 3 is between this hemostatic layer 1 and this laying 2, and attached on this laying 2.
Aforesaid hemostatic material, wherein, said hemostatic material product is attached on the non-woven fabrics carrier material, processes hemostasis and pastes or tourniquet bandage.
The method for preparing of chitosan hemostatic layer 1 is:
Chitosan solution with the acetic acid of 0.7% (v/v) preparation 3% (g/L) is tiled on the plate, and frozen drying promptly makes chitosan multi-porous fiber or mandruka.
With 3% chitosan-acetic acid solution 20mL as water.Get the 100mL liquid paraffin, add 3mL emulsifier span 80 and stir, as oil phase.Under 1000rpm stirs, slowly water is splashed in the oil phase, process w/o type Emulsion, stirring and emulsifying slowly added 0.5mM genipin crosslinking curing after 1 hour, stirred to solidify to be warming up to 60 ℃ of continuation stirrings 5 hours in 1 hour; After the cooling, centrifugal, the supernatant that inclines, deposition adds n-butyl alcohol/ether (1:1) liquid 20mL and dissolves remaining cross-linking agent, and sucking filtration washes microsphere each 3 times with n-butyl alcohol, ether, and frozen drying promptly makes chitosan porous microsphere.
The method for preparing of polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan laying 2 is:
After polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan carried out acidolysis and handle, the sodium hydroxide solution neutralization of reuse 1-10 molar concentration, dehydrate promptly makes polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan multi-porous fiber or porous spongy absorbent material.
Drug solution is sprayed on the polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan laying; Moisture in the medicine is promptly siphoned away by polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan material; The polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan laying that will be adsorbed with medicine again is dehydrate again, promptly makes the polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan laying of medicine carrying; The polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan laying 2 of hemostatic layer 1 with medicine carrying is superimposed together, makes chitosan first aid hemostatic material finished product of the present invention.
Two, to the detection of effect of the present invention
(1) laboratory detects
1. rate of water absorption
Accurately take by weighing the polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan of 0.1g chitosan and 0.1g and place the nylon cloth bag; Place two 500 ml beakers respectively; Add distilled water, certain hour is measured the quality of suction back resin at interval, draws the rate of water absorption curve of water absorbent rate to absorbent time.Water absorbent rate Q passes through computes:
Q?=?(m2?-?m1)?/?m1;
Q is water absorbent rate (g/g) in the formula; M1 is the preceding quality (g) of suction; M2 is suction back quality (g).
The result shows that the rate of water absorption of polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan is significantly higher than chitosan, and the former promptly reached capacity in 2-4 minute, and water absorption rate reaches 749 (g/g), and the latter just reached capacity in 30-50 minute, and water absorption rate is 582 (g/g).
2. pH value
The pH value of chitosan and polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan is all between 6-8.
3. heat stability
Chitosan and polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan all have the stability under good high-temperature and the cryogenic conditions: never degenerated in following 1 hour at 100 ℃ ,-35 ℃ were never degenerated in following 1 hour.
(2) haemostatic effect evaluation
1. rabbit ear edge arteriovenous wound hemorrhage model
Get 36 new zealand white rabbits, body weight 2.5-3 kilogram, male and female half and half are divided into 6 groups at random, i.e. blank group, pressure dressing group, HemCon tourniquet bandage group, Quikclot group, Celox styptic powder group and chitosan first aid hemostatic material group of the present invention.
Ear depilation after the Animal Anesthesia, with knife blade in the ear outside central authorities do 2cm * 1cm size wound surface, wherein artery and vein is by cross-section, but ear do not cut, in case the liquid that stops blooding goes out from the in ear effluent, influences observation index.Treat to impose the hemostasis measure by grouping immediately after blood is full of wound surface, the record bleeding stopping period calculates blood volume.The bleeding stopping period recording method: at hemorrhage wound surface tiling hemostatic material, the enclosing cover gauze, and give suitable pressure compression, and until stopped bleeding, the record bleeding stopping period.Amount of bleeding computational methods: with analytical balance weigh in advance hemostatic material and used gauze, insert the weighing botle sealing after the hemostasis and weigh, calculate blood volume.Weight (g) before amount of bleeding (g)=hemostasis back weight (g)-hemostasis.The result is as shown in table 1, and wherein the hemostatic material consumption of HemCon tourniquet bandage group, Quikclot group, Celox styptic powder group and chitosan first aid hemostatic material group of the present invention is 0.5g.
Figure 2011100444742100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
As shown in table 1, with the pressure dressing group relatively, HemCon tourniquet bandage group, Quikclot group, Celox styptic powder group and chitosan first aid hemostatic material group of the present invention all have significant difference (P < 0.001); Chitosan first aid hemostatic material group of the present invention and Quikclot group and the comparison of HemCon tourniquet bandage group, bleeding stopping period and blood loss all have significant difference (P < 0.01); Chitosan first aid hemostatic material group of the present invention and Celox styptic powder group compare, and bleeding stopping period and blood loss all slightly are better than Celox styptic powder group, but no difference of science of statistics (P>0.01).
2. the hemorrhage animal model of new zealand white rabbit femoral artery
Get 36 adult new zealand white rabbits, body weight 2.5-3 kilogram, male and female half and half are divided into 6 groups at random, i.e. blank group, pressure dressing group, HemCon tourniquet bandage group, Quikclot group, Celox styptic powder group and chitosan first aid hemostatic material group of the present invention.Take by weighing the weight of the weight of animals and used hemostatic material or dressing before and after the experiment respectively.
Be fixed on the operating-table after the Animal Anesthesia.Surgical exposure one side femoral artery, lateral dissection 3/4 makes it freely spray 10 seconds of blood, then according to dividing into groups to carry out handled.Record bleeding stopping period, blood loss, 180 minutes mortality rates.The result is as shown in table 2, and wherein the hemostatic material consumption of HemCon tourniquet bandage group, Quikclot group, Celox styptic powder group and chitosan first aid hemostatic material group of the present invention is 8g.
Figure 191296DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
As shown in table 2, with the pressure dressing group relatively, HemCon tourniquet bandage group, Quikclot group, Celox styptic powder group and chitosan first aid hemostatic material group of the present invention all have significant difference (P < 0.001); Chitosan first aid hemostatic material group of the present invention and Quikclot group, HemCon tourniquet bandage group and Celox styptic powder group relatively, bleeding stopping period and amount of bleeding all are better than each to be organized, and significant difference (P < 0.01) is arranged.
3. rabbit liver wound oozing of blood model
Get 24 adult new zealand white rabbits, body weight 2.5-3 kilogram, male and female half and half are divided into 6 groups at random, i.e. blank group, pressure dressing group, HemCon tourniquet bandage group, Quikclot group, Celox styptic powder group and chitosan first aid hemostatic material group of the present invention.
Successively open the abdominal cavity behind the rabbit anesthesia, fully expose liver, mark long 3cm at liver lobus sinister and lobus dexter surface with knife blade, the stramazon of dark 1cm forms internal organs oozing of blood wound surface, immediately according to grouping, imposes hemostatic material, and gives suitable pressure.The record bleeding stopping period calculates blood volume.And then do same otch apart from the outer healthy liver tissue surface of wound 1cm, give same treatment.5 wound surface of every white rabbit, every treated animal has 20 wound surface.The result is as shown in table 3, and wherein the hemostatic material consumption of HemCon tourniquet bandage group, Quikclot group, Celox styptic powder group and chitosan first aid hemostatic material group of the present invention is 8g.
Figure 2011100444742100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
As shown in table 3, blank group and pressure dressing group all can not be stopped blooding.Chitosan first aid hemostatic material group of the present invention and Quikclot group, HemCon tourniquet bandage group and Celox styptic powder group relatively, bleeding stopping period and amount of bleeding all are superior to each to be organized, and significant difference (P < 0.01) is arranged.There is not significant difference (P>0.01) between Quikclot group, HemCon tourniquet bandage group and Celox styptic powder group group.
Above-mentioned zoopery result shows; Chitosan first aid hemostatic material of the present invention obviously is superior to estimating on the present international market three kinds of best hemostatic materials in bleeding stopping period with controlling on the blood loss; Be HemCon tourniquet bandage, Quikclot and Celox styptic powder; Especially to more serious hemorrhage, as large artery trunks hemorrhage during with the parenchymal viscera damage performance better.

Claims (10)

1. chitosan first aid hemostatic material is characterized in that it has double-layer structure at least:
The upper strata is the chitosan hemostatic layer, and its structure is porous microsphere, porous fibre, porous spongy, or the complex of this several types;
Lower floor is polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan laying, and its structure is porous fibre or porous spongy, or this complex of two types.
2. hemostatic material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the diameter of said porous microsphere structure between 50 orders-300 order, porosity between 20%-80%, average about 60%; The porosity of porous fibre is between 20%-90%, and fibre diameter is between 50nm-1000nm; The porosity of mandruka is between 50%-90%.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 hemostatic material is characterized in that the deacetylation of the raw materials of chitosan of said chitosan hemostatic layer is between 80%-99.9%, and mean molecule quantity is 10, and 000-1000 between 000, has solubility.
4. according to claim 1 or claim 2 hemostatic material is characterized in that, said chitosan hemostatic layer is to adopt the method for hot melt or physics pressurization that chitosan microball, chitosan multi-porous fiber and/or chitosan multi-porous sponge is bonded to one another.
5. hemostatic material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the pan coating of said chitosan hemostatic layer has binding agent and surfactant;
Said binding agent is selected from polyester, polypropylene, acrylic acid, polyethylene and/or latex;
Said surfactant is selected from glycerol, Polyethylene Glycol, propylene glycol and/or fatty acid.
6. according to claim 1 or claim 2 hemostatic material; It is characterized in that; The percent grafting of the polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan of raw material of said polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan laying is between 20%-80%, and water absorption rate is inhaled 0.9% (g/mL) NaCl solution rate more than 100 times more than 500 times.
7. hemostatic material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan laying is attached with anti-infectives, analgesic drug product and/or promotes the tissue repair factor also as medicine carrying substrate on it.
8. hemostatic material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Said anti-infectives is antibiotics class medicine and non-antibiotic class anti-infectives;
Said antibiotics class medicine is selected from aminoglycosides antibiotics class, antifungal antibiotic class, cephalosporins, beta-Lactam antibiotic class, chloromycetin, Macrolide, penicillin, tetracycline, bacitracin, clindamycin, colistimethate sodium, polymyxin b sulfate, vancomycin, antiviral agent, quinolones, sulfonamides, sulfone class, furazolidone, metronidazole, Pentamidine, crystallite sulphanilamide, Gatifloxacin and/or sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim;
Said non-antibiotic anti-infectives is selected from iodoform, silver ion, hibitane and/or antimicrobial peptide;
Said analgesic drug product is selected from bupivacaine; Chloroprocaine; Chirocaine; Lignocaine; Mepivacaine; Procaine; Ropivacaine; Tetracaine; Desflurane; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Propofol; Sevoflurane; Codeine; Fentanyl; Hydromorphone; Marcaine; Meperidine; Methadone; Morphine; Oxycodone; Remifentaniliva; Sufentanil; Butorphanol; Nalbuphine; Tramadol; Benzocaine; Cincaine; Ethyl chloride; Xylocaine and/or Baridium; Or Chinese medicine obtundent medicine preparation;
The said promotion tissue repair factor is selected from epidermal growth factor and/or fibroblast growth factor.
9. hemostatic material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, on the said hemostatic material product non-woven fabrics carrier material, processes hemostasis and pastes or tourniquet bandage.
10. hemostatic material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, sneaks into the inert material of biodegradable or bio-absorbable in said chitosan hemostatic material layer and the polyacrylic acid grafted chitosan layer, and its ratio accounts between the whole quality of materials 50%-90%;
Said inert material is selected from cellulose, alginate, microcrystalline Cellulose, oxidized regenerated cellulose, chitosan, chitosan derivatives, chitin, carboxymethyl cellulose, collagen, gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol, starch and/or acrylic ester.
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